Dry scalp or maybe dandruff. How to recognise? What to use?

 Many people struggle with scalp issues, often finding it difficult to identify the right shampoo for their specific needs. During trichological consultations, the most common challenge I encounter is the confusion about which shampoo to use and when. Understanding the exact nature of your scalp problem and recognizing the symptoms are crucial steps in selecting the appropriate treatment. Whether you suffer from a dry scalp or dandruff, knowing how to distinguish between these conditions can help you choose the right products to manage your scalp health effectively.

 

Each hair follicle is connected to at least one sebaceous gland, which is also genetically determined. However, the activity and content of these glands can vary, influencing conditions such as oily scalp, dry skin, and even eczema. The activity of sebaceous glands is primarily stimulated by hormones, but other factors such as diet play a crucial role. Insulin and glucose management, along with a balance of HDL and LDL, are essential in maintaining healthy sebaceous gland function.

1. Itchiness

Dry Scalp: Rarely itchy, but if it is, the sensation usually occurs just after washing, especially with harsh shampoos that are not suitable for the scalp's condition.

Dandruff: Typically itchy before washing. The longer the scalp remains unwashed, the itchier it becomes due to the overgrowth of a yeast called Malassezia furfur (formerly known as Pityrosporum ovale), which feeds on dead skin and sebum, leading to dandruff (pityriasis simplex).

2. Symptoms

Dry Scalp: Characterized by a lack of sebum production, leading to a disturbed skin barrier, loss of water, and disrupted skin turnover process. This condition is common in children (before puberty when sebaceous glands are less active), individuals with curly or afro hair (where the hair follicle structure makes it harder for sebum to travel), and post-menopausal women.

Dandruff: Manifested by flaky, itchy scalp with visible white or yellowish flakes that are oily or dry. It is a result of *Malassezia* yeast overgrowth, which alters the scalp’s pH and can cause further damage and even hair loss if left untreated.

3. Residue

Dry Scalp: When you gently scratch your scalp, the residue behind your nails will often be white and dry or most of the time none. This is usually not accompanied by an unpleasant smell.

Dandruff: When you scratch a dandruff-affected scalp, the residue can be oily and white. This residue is a food source for the fungus Malassezia furfur, which thrives on oily scalps 

4. Smell

Dry Scalp: Generally, a dry scalp doesn’t produce a noticeable smell unless it has not been washed for an extended period.

Dandruff: Dandruff-affected scalps tend to have an uncomfortable smell. When you scratch and smell the residue or rub your fingertips together, you may notice an unpleasant odour. This smell is due to the toxins produced by Malassesia furfur on your scalp.

 

 

Management and Treatment

Dry Scalp

1. Hydration
- Use shampoos designed to moisturize and balance the scalp’s hydration levels. An example is the Nutri Fiber Moisturising Shampoo, which helps prevent water loss and softens the skin, aiding in desquamation and premature capillary aging.

2. Gentle Cleansing
- Avoid harsh shampoos that can strip the scalp of its natural oils. Opt for products that are specifically formulated for dry scalp conditions. For example Simone Keratin DNA which is soothing and calming lotion for very sensitive scalp.

3. Scalp Care Routine and diet 
- Regularly moisturize the scalp with appropriate oils or conditioners to maintain hydration and support the skin barrier function. Double wash is essential in each skin type and issue. Add to your diet good source of OMEGA 3 or supplement.

 

Dandruff

1. Anti-fungal Treatments                                                                                              - Use shampoos containing anti-fungal ingredients like Piroctone Olamine Products such as Simone Dandruff and Scalp Care Shampoo are effective in regulating the scalp microbiome, preventing excessive shedding of the epidermis, and soothing itchiness associated with dandruff.

2. Regular Washing
- Maintain a hygiene routine that involves washing the scalp as needed. The concept of "training" the scalp to require less frequent washing is a myth and can exacerbate dandruff problems. You can add extra product on your scalp care Simone Natural Polyplant Anti Dandruff lotion you can use directly on wet scalp after wash, or add teaspoon to Dermo Capillary Mask scalp peel - will give extra exfoliation properties.

3. Balanced Diet
- Maintain a diet that supports scalp health. Proper glucose and insulin management, along with balanced HDL and LDL levels, can significantly influence sebaceous gland activity.

Conclusion

Recognizing the difference between dry scalp and dandruff is crucial for effective treatment. While dry scalp needs hydration and gentle care, dandruff requires anti-fungal interventions and regular cleansing. By adopting the right products and routines, you can manage these conditions and maintain a healthy scalp.

For dry scalp, consider products like the Nutri Fiber Moisturising Shampoo, and for dandruff, use anti-dandruff shampoos such as Simone Dandruff and Scalp Care Shampoo. Understanding and addressing the root causes, including diet and hormonal influences, can also lead to better scalp health overall.

 

 

Please note: The information provided here is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. If you have any serious health issues, are taking medications, or have concerns about your health, please consult your GP or a medical advisor.